SA Launches Coastal Climate Plan to Protect Economy, Ecosystems, and Lives

As climate change accelerates and its impacts increasingly threaten South Africa’s vulnerable coastal regions, the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE) has launched a landmark policy framework — the Climate Change Coastal Adaptation Response Plan — aimed at safeguarding the country’s coastal communities, economies, infrastructure, and ecosystems.

The plan was officially unveiled by Minister Dr. Dion George in Pretoria on Thursday, during the national celebrations for World Environment Day (5 June 2025). South Africa’s climate action now takes on new international significance as it holds the G20 Presidency, further elevating the country’s role in global sustainability leadership.

“Our coastal future rests on our ability to innovate and to act with unity and urgency,” said Dr. George. “By investing in nature-based solutions, strengthening climate governance, and unlocking sustainable finance, we can shield our people and ecosystems from the harshest impacts of climate change.”

Coastal Regions: On the Frontline of Climate Change

South Africa boasts over 3,000 kilometers of coastline, which plays a vital role in the national economy and supports millions of livelihoods through sectors like tourism, fishing, aquaculture, and marine transport. However, these same coastlines are now at the epicenter of climate vulnerability.

Key threats include:

• Sea-level rise

• Increased frequency and intensity of coastal storms

• Coastal erosion

• Flooding of low-lying infrastructure

• Loss of biodiversity in sensitive marine ecosystems

These risks are compounded by rapid urbanization, population growth, and inequities in infrastructure and service delivery in many coastal communities.

A Policy Backed by Science and Strategy

The Climate Change Coastal Adaptation Response Plan builds upon the foundational National Coastal Management Programme, DFFE’s primary policy guide for coastal governance. It prioritizes climate-smart interventions, such as:

• Nature-based solutions (e.g., restoring coastal dunes and mangroves)

• Integrated coastal zone management

• Resilient infrastructure development

• Community-based adaptation projects

• Early warning systems and climate risk assessments

The plan also aims to enhance collaboration between government departments, local municipalities, research institutions, and international partners to ensure consistent implementation and local capacity-building.

Tied to G20 Presidency and World Environment Day Goals

This policy launch coincides with South Africa’s leadership role in the G20 Environment and Climate Sustainability Working Group, a forum shaping global environmental policy among the world’s largest economies.

This year’s World Environment Day theme, “Ending Plastic Pollution,” complements the broader objectives of the Coastal Adaptation Plan by promoting ocean health, waste reduction, and the protection of biodiversity—all key pillars of sustainable coastal governance.

“South Africa contributes to global discussions on biodiversity conservation, sustainable land and ocean management, circular economy, and pollution reduction,” Dr. George emphasized.

He added that equitable implementation support for developing nations is essential, stressing the need for ambitious yet achievable climate targets, especially in regions most affected by environmental risks.

Operation Phakisa: Coastal Adaptation Key to Ocean Economy Growth

The Coastal Adaptation Response Plan is also integral to the success of Operation Phakisa, South Africa’s blueprint for unlocking the blue economy. This initiative focuses on sustainable development in sectors such as:

• Marine transport and logistics

• Offshore oil and gas exploration

• Coastal and marine tourism

• Small-scale and commercial aquaculture

Without climate-proofing these sectors, the country risks losing valuable economic momentum, particularly in rural and coastal communities where job opportunities remain scarce.

“Adaptation measures ensure that economic activities in the ocean space remain viable and resilient,” said Dr. George. “Without integrating climate resilience into planning and development, these gains are at risk.”

A Future-Proofed Vision for Coastal South Africa

South Africa’s approach reflects a holistic balance between environmental stewardship and economic development. The Coastal Adaptation Plan offers a framework to:

• Assess and manage climate risks

• Guide infrastructure investments

• Preserve ecological integrity

• Promote inclusive, climate-resilient growth

The DFFE calls on all stakeholders — from provincial governments to community-based organizations and the private sector — to support the implementation of the plan and ensure that coastal development is aligned with long-term sustainability.

“Together, these initiatives promote a balanced approach — driving economic development while safeguarding coastal ecosystems and livelihoods,” Dr. George concluded.